Jog, Ketki,Sule, Mihir,Bopardikar, Isha,Patankar, Vardhan,Sutaria, Dipani
Living with dolphins: Local ecological knowledge and perceptions of small cetaceans along the Sindhudurg coastline of Maharashtra, India Journal Article
In: Marine Mammal Science, vol. 34, no. 128, pp. 488-498, 2017, ISBN: 1748-7692.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Arabian Sea, Bycatch, cetacean-fisheries interactions, competition, Finless Porpoise, humpback dolphin, India, local ecological knowledge, Marine mammals, Neophocaena phocaenoides, perceptions, Sousa plumbea
@article{,
title = {Living with dolphins: Local ecological knowledge and perceptions of small cetaceans along the Sindhudurg coastline of Maharashtra, India},
author = {Jog, Ketki,Sule, Mihir,Bopardikar, Isha,Patankar, Vardhan,Sutaria, Dipani},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mms.12466},
issn = {1748-7692},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Marine Mammal Science},
volume = {34},
number = {128},
pages = {488-498},
abstract = {Two near shore small cetaceans occur commonly along the Maharashtra coast, the Indian Ocean humpback dolphin and Indo Pacific finless porpoise. These cetaceans frequently interact with fisheries in this region due to overlap in space and resource use. Besides stranding records, little ecological information is available about these species from Maharashtra. We conducted 143 semistructured interviews to document local ecological knowledge and community perceptions of small cetaceans in 30 coastal fishing villages in Sindhudurg. Perceptions of finless porpoises were largely neutral, whereas humpback dolphins were negative. A classification regression tree (CART) analysis (root node error: 60%) showed that the annual cost of gear damage was an important predictor variable of humpback dolphin perceptions, followed by occupation (gear type) and age. Entanglements were reported for both species in large and small gill nets, and shore seines. Perceived net damage and catch loss due to humpback dolphins was six times greater than that of finless porpoises. However, finless porpoises were reportedly more frequently entangled in gear than humpback dolphins. We provide an insight into the perceptions of cetaceans in the local community and the fisheries-cetacean interactions that shape them.},
keywords = {Arabian Sea, Bycatch, cetacean-fisheries interactions, competition, Finless Porpoise, humpback dolphin, India, local ecological knowledge, Marine mammals, Neophocaena phocaenoides, perceptions, Sousa plumbea},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Two near shore small cetaceans occur commonly along the Maharashtra coast, the Indian Ocean humpback dolphin and Indo Pacific finless porpoise. These cetaceans frequently interact with fisheries in this region due to overlap in space and resource use. Besides stranding records, little ecological information is available about these species from Maharashtra. We conducted 143 semistructured interviews to document local ecological knowledge and community perceptions of small cetaceans in 30 coastal fishing villages in Sindhudurg. Perceptions of finless porpoises were largely neutral, whereas humpback dolphins were negative. A classification regression tree (CART) analysis (root node error: 60%) showed that the annual cost of gear damage was an important predictor variable of humpback dolphin perceptions, followed by occupation (gear type) and age. Entanglements were reported for both species in large and small gill nets, and shore seines. Perceived net damage and catch loss due to humpback dolphins was six times greater than that of finless porpoises. However, finless porpoises were reportedly more frequently entangled in gear than humpback dolphins. We provide an insight into the perceptions of cetaceans in the local community and the fisheries-cetacean interactions that shape them.
NOAA
Taking and Importing of Marine Mammals and Dolphin-Safe Tuna Products Journal Article
In: Federal Register, vol. 81, no. 421, pp. 3, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: Arabian Sea, Bycatch, Fisheries, India, Marine mammals, NIO, Observer programmes, Oman, Pakistan, reporting scheme, Tanzania, tuna fishery
@article{,
title = {Taking and Importing of Marine Mammals and Dolphin-Safe Tuna Products },
author = {NOAA},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Federal Register},
volume = {81},
number = {421},
pages = {3},
abstract = { The Assistant Administrator
for Fisheries, NMFS, (Assistant
Administrator) has issued a
determination, under the Dolphin
Protection Consumer Information Act
(DPCIA), of regular and significant
mortality and serious injury of dolphins
in gillnet fisheries harvesting tuna by
vessels flagged under the Governments
of India, Iran, Mozambique, Pakistan,
Oman, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka,
Tanzania, the United Arab Emirates,
and Yemen. This determination triggers
additional documentation requirements
for tuna product from those fisheries
that is exported from or offered for sale
in the United States, including that such
tuna must be accompanied by a written
statement executed by an observer
participating in a national or
international program acceptable to the
Assistant Administrator, in addition to
such statement by the captain of the
vessel, that certifies that no dolphins
were killed or seriously injured in the
sets or other gear deployments in which
the tuna were caught and certain other
required information regarding dolphin
interactions and segregation of tuna.
These determinations were based on
review of scientific information and,
when available, documentary evidence
submitted by the relevant government. },
keywords = {Arabian Sea, Bycatch, Fisheries, India, Marine mammals, NIO, Observer programmes, Oman, Pakistan, reporting scheme, Tanzania, tuna fishery},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The Assistant Administrator
for Fisheries, NMFS, (Assistant
Administrator) has issued a
determination, under the Dolphin
Protection Consumer Information Act
(DPCIA), of regular and significant
mortality and serious injury of dolphins
in gillnet fisheries harvesting tuna by
vessels flagged under the Governments
of India, Iran, Mozambique, Pakistan,
Oman, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka,
Tanzania, the United Arab Emirates,
and Yemen. This determination triggers
additional documentation requirements
for tuna product from those fisheries
that is exported from or offered for sale
in the United States, including that such
tuna must be accompanied by a written
statement executed by an observer
participating in a national or
international program acceptable to the
Assistant Administrator, in addition to
such statement by the captain of the
vessel, that certifies that no dolphins
were killed or seriously injured in the
sets or other gear deployments in which
the tuna were caught and certain other
required information regarding dolphin
interactions and segregation of tuna.
These determinations were based on
review of scientific information and,
when available, documentary evidence
submitted by the relevant government.
for Fisheries, NMFS, (Assistant
Administrator) has issued a
determination, under the Dolphin
Protection Consumer Information Act
(DPCIA), of regular and significant
mortality and serious injury of dolphins
in gillnet fisheries harvesting tuna by
vessels flagged under the Governments
of India, Iran, Mozambique, Pakistan,
Oman, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka,
Tanzania, the United Arab Emirates,
and Yemen. This determination triggers
additional documentation requirements
for tuna product from those fisheries
that is exported from or offered for sale
in the United States, including that such
tuna must be accompanied by a written
statement executed by an observer
participating in a national or
international program acceptable to the
Assistant Administrator, in addition to
such statement by the captain of the
vessel, that certifies that no dolphins
were killed or seriously injured in the
sets or other gear deployments in which
the tuna were caught and certain other
required information regarding dolphin
interactions and segregation of tuna.
These determinations were based on
review of scientific information and,
when available, documentary evidence
submitted by the relevant government.
Roman, Joe,Dunphy-Daly, Meagan M.,Johnston, David W.,Read, Andrew J.
Lifting baselines to address the consequences of conservation success Journal Article
In: Trends in Ecology & Evolution, vol. 30, no. 447, pp. 299-302, 2015, ISBN: 0169-5347.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: conservation success, Endangered species, historical abundance, management, Marine mammals, population trends, recovery, shifting baselines
@article{,
title = {Lifting baselines to address the consequences of conservation success},
author = {Roman, Joe,Dunphy-Daly, Meagan M.,Johnston, David W.,Read, Andrew J.},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169534715000932},
issn = {0169-5347},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Trends in Ecology & Evolution},
volume = {30},
number = {447},
pages = {299-302},
abstract = {In recent years, many marine mammals, seabirds, and other species have begun to recover.
These changes are the result of legislation, international agreements, and conservation efforts.
Conservation efforts and legislation are lifting baselines for new generations.
Conservationists should help the public understand recovery by lifting baselines.
Managing wildlife abundance rather than scarcity presents an opportunity for human society.Biologists and policymakers are accustomed to managing species in decline, but for the first time in generations they are also encountering recovering populations of ocean predators. Many citizens perceive these species as invaders and conflicts are increasing. It is time to celebrate these hard-earned successes and lift baselines for recovering species.},
keywords = {conservation success, Endangered species, historical abundance, management, Marine mammals, population trends, recovery, shifting baselines},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In recent years, many marine mammals, seabirds, and other species have begun to recover.
These changes are the result of legislation, international agreements, and conservation efforts.
Conservation efforts and legislation are lifting baselines for new generations.
Conservationists should help the public understand recovery by lifting baselines.
Managing wildlife abundance rather than scarcity presents an opportunity for human society.Biologists and policymakers are accustomed to managing species in decline, but for the first time in generations they are also encountering recovering populations of ocean predators. Many citizens perceive these species as invaders and conflicts are increasing. It is time to celebrate these hard-earned successes and lift baselines for recovering species.
These changes are the result of legislation, international agreements, and conservation efforts.
Conservation efforts and legislation are lifting baselines for new generations.
Conservationists should help the public understand recovery by lifting baselines.
Managing wildlife abundance rather than scarcity presents an opportunity for human society.Biologists and policymakers are accustomed to managing species in decline, but for the first time in generations they are also encountering recovering populations of ocean predators. Many citizens perceive these species as invaders and conflicts are increasing. It is time to celebrate these hard-earned successes and lift baselines for recovering species.
Braulik,G.,Ranjbar,S.,Owfi,F.,Aminrad,T.,Dakhteh,S.M.H.,Kamrani,E.,Mohsenizadeh,F.
Marine Mammal Records from Iran Journal Article
In: Journal of Cetacean Research and Management, vol. 11, no. 334, pp. 49-63, 2010.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: abundance, bottlenose dolphin, Bryde's whale, Common dolphin, conservation, Distribution, dolphin, dugong, fin whale, Finless Porpoise, fishing gear, Gulf of Oman, Humpback Whale, humpback whales, incidental capture, killer whale, location, mammals, management, marine, marine mammal, Marine mammals, mortality, mysticete, mysticetes, Oman, Porpoise, Risso's dolphin, rough-toothed dolphin, Spinner dolphin, whale, whales
@article{,
title = {Marine Mammal Records from Iran},
author = {Braulik,G.,Ranjbar,S.,Owfi,F.,Aminrad,T.,Dakhteh,S.M.H.,Kamrani,E.,Mohsenizadeh,F.},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Cetacean Research and Management},
volume = {11},
number = {334},
pages = {49-63},
abstract = {A total of 114 marine mammal records of 14 species were compiled from Iranian coastalwaters of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman. Eighty-one were from the Persian Gulf, 23from the Gulf of Oman and 10 were of unknown location. Records of finless porpoise(Neophocaena phocaenoides) (24), Indo-pacific humpback dolphin (Sousa chinensis) (22)and Indo-pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus) (21) were by far the most numerousa probable reflection of their inshore distribution and local abundance. Other speciesrecorded were common dolphin (Delphinus capensis tropicalis), rough-toothed dolphin(Steno bredanensis), striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba), spinner dolphin (Stenellalongirostris), Risso's dolphin (Grampus griseus), false killer whale (Pseudorca crassidens),sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) and dugong (Dugong dugon). Records of 24Mysticetes were compiled, 11 of which were tentatively identified as Bryde's whales(Balaenoptera edeni), three as Fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus), three as Humpbackwhales (Megaptera novaeangliae) and the remainder were unidentified. The largest threat tomarine mammals in Iran is likely to be incidental capture in fishing gear. Nine finlessporpoises were recorded as bycatch and this and other coastal species may be declining dueto unsustainable mortality rates. Other threats to the marine environment are discussed andrecommended marine mammal conservation and management small projects are described.},
keywords = {abundance, bottlenose dolphin, Bryde's whale, Common dolphin, conservation, Distribution, dolphin, dugong, fin whale, Finless Porpoise, fishing gear, Gulf of Oman, Humpback Whale, humpback whales, incidental capture, killer whale, location, mammals, management, marine, marine mammal, Marine mammals, mortality, mysticete, mysticetes, Oman, Porpoise, Risso's dolphin, rough-toothed dolphin, Spinner dolphin, whale, whales},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
A total of 114 marine mammal records of 14 species were compiled from Iranian coastalwaters of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman. Eighty-one were from the Persian Gulf, 23from the Gulf of Oman and 10 were of unknown location. Records of finless porpoise(Neophocaena phocaenoides) (24), Indo-pacific humpback dolphin (Sousa chinensis) (22)and Indo-pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus) (21) were by far the most numerousa probable reflection of their inshore distribution and local abundance. Other speciesrecorded were common dolphin (Delphinus capensis tropicalis), rough-toothed dolphin(Steno bredanensis), striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba), spinner dolphin (Stenellalongirostris), Risso's dolphin (Grampus griseus), false killer whale (Pseudorca crassidens),sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) and dugong (Dugong dugon). Records of 24Mysticetes were compiled, 11 of which were tentatively identified as Bryde's whales(Balaenoptera edeni), three as Fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus), three as Humpbackwhales (Megaptera novaeangliae) and the remainder were unidentified. The largest threat tomarine mammals in Iran is likely to be incidental capture in fishing gear. Nine finlessporpoises were recorded as bycatch and this and other coastal species may be declining dueto unsustainable mortality rates. Other threats to the marine environment are discussed andrecommended marine mammal conservation and management small projects are described.
Zemsky,V.A.
Extermination of populations of commercial whale species and its possible biological consequences Technical Report
no. 268, 2005.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: Arabian Sea, Atlantic, Atlantic Ocean, baleen whale, baleen whales, biological consequences, cetacean, cetaceans, depletion, extermination, mammals, marine, marine mammal, Marine mammals, oil, population, populations, Southern Hemisphere, Soviet whaling, sperm whale, status, whale, whales, whaling
@techreport{,
title = {Extermination of populations of commercial whale species and its possible biological consequences},
author = {Zemsky,V.A.},
year = {2005},
date = {2005-01-01},
number = {268},
pages = {249-259},
abstract = {Cetaceans inhabit practically all seas and oceans of the world and their role in ocean biocenoses is doubtless. Being the source of nutrition and technical resources - oil, meat, etc., - this numrous group of marine mammals had also substantial meaning for the man's economic activity. In a number of coastal regions, some whales are still an important, if not one, source of protein food. All cetaceans can be subdivided into two conditional categories: those which are caught for commerial needs and those which are not. The first group comprises practically all baleen whales, the size of most of which has no analogous in terrestrial mammals, and the sperm whale - the only one of toothed whales. All other cetaceans can be referred to the second group. They are much smaller in size, but more numerous and play not less important role in biocenoses. Some of them were of commercial value in the past and now have lost it almost completely. This brief review pursues three goals: firstly, to reveal the relationship between the population number of the commercial whales and whaling in a historical aspect; secondly, to determine the significance for the estimation of the current status of the large whales' populations of the materials, pulished in 1995, on the largest falsification of statistical data on the Soviet whaling operations in the Southern Hemisphere and in some regions of the Atlantic Ocean, including the Arabian Sea and equatorial waters; thirdly, to try to reveal possible consequences of the drastic depletion of number of the large commerical whales for the ocean biogeocenoses.},
keywords = {Arabian Sea, Atlantic, Atlantic Ocean, baleen whale, baleen whales, biological consequences, cetacean, cetaceans, depletion, extermination, mammals, marine, marine mammal, Marine mammals, oil, population, populations, Southern Hemisphere, Soviet whaling, sperm whale, status, whale, whales, whaling},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
Cetaceans inhabit practically all seas and oceans of the world and their role in ocean biocenoses is doubtless. Being the source of nutrition and technical resources - oil, meat, etc., - this numrous group of marine mammals had also substantial meaning for the man's economic activity. In a number of coastal regions, some whales are still an important, if not one, source of protein food. All cetaceans can be subdivided into two conditional categories: those which are caught for commerial needs and those which are not. The first group comprises practically all baleen whales, the size of most of which has no analogous in terrestrial mammals, and the sperm whale - the only one of toothed whales. All other cetaceans can be referred to the second group. They are much smaller in size, but more numerous and play not less important role in biocenoses. Some of them were of commercial value in the past and now have lost it almost completely. This brief review pursues three goals: firstly, to reveal the relationship between the population number of the commercial whales and whaling in a historical aspect; secondly, to determine the significance for the estimation of the current status of the large whales' populations of the materials, pulished in 1995, on the largest falsification of statistical data on the Soviet whaling operations in the Southern Hemisphere and in some regions of the Atlantic Ocean, including the Arabian Sea and equatorial waters; thirdly, to try to reveal possible consequences of the drastic depletion of number of the large commerical whales for the ocean biogeocenoses.
Daanehkaar, Afhsin.
Vulnerable marine zones of Iran Journal Article
In: Mohit-e Zist Quarterly Magazine, vol. 24, no. 355, pp. 28-38, 1998.
BibTeX | Tags: Iran, Marine mammals, Oman Sea, Persian Gulf, Sea Turtles
@article{,
title = {Vulnerable marine zones of Iran},
author = {Daanehkaar, Afhsin.},
year = {1998},
date = {1998-01-01},
journal = {Mohit-e Zist Quarterly Magazine},
volume = {24},
number = {355},
pages = {28-38},
keywords = {Iran, Marine mammals, Oman Sea, Persian Gulf, Sea Turtles},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Ministry of Agriculture; Fisheries
Ministerial Decree 4/94: Marine Fishing and Living-Aquatic-Resources Protection law
1994.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: fishing gear, mammals, marine, marine mammal, Marine mammals, regulations, turtles
@{,
title = {Ministerial Decree 4/94: Marine Fishing and Living-Aquatic-Resources Protection law},
author = {Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries},
year = {1994},
date = {1994-01-01},
volume = {4/94},
number = {371},
abstract = {Ministerial Decision 4/94, issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, updates Royal Decree No. 53/81, the Marine Fishing and Living Aquatic Resources Protection Law. In addition to prohibiting the hunting of marine mammals (see above) this legislation contains articles pertaining to the licensing of fishermen, fishing vessels, restrictions on certain types of fishing gear and seasonal closures for certain species of fish. A few pertinent articles include:ù A prohibition on capturing any marine resources during their reproductive season (resulting in seasonal closers for lobster and abalone fisheries, and a justification for other seasonal closures on pelagic or demersal species pending research results);ù A prohibition on the use of string nets, monofilament gill nets or the setting of nets at high tide on beaches or lagoons to trap fish on outgoing tides;ù A prohibition on foreign fishing vessels in Omani waters operating without official permit from the MAF;ù A prohibition on the use of foreign/expatriate workers on fishing vessels licensed to conduct artisanal/traditional fishing;ù A prohibition for fishermen to 1) sail into areas allocated to other fishermen with the intent to fish; or 2) to place fishing gear in areas not specifically allocated to them by licence;ù The right of the MAF to require fishermen and dealers to collect and provide any data requested or required by the MAF;ù The right of the MAF to prohibit fishing of certain species, or fishing in certain regions or seasons.},
keywords = {fishing gear, mammals, marine, marine mammal, Marine mammals, regulations, turtles},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {}
}
Ministerial Decision 4/94, issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, updates Royal Decree No. 53/81, the Marine Fishing and Living Aquatic Resources Protection Law. In addition to prohibiting the hunting of marine mammals (see above) this legislation contains articles pertaining to the licensing of fishermen, fishing vessels, restrictions on certain types of fishing gear and seasonal closures for certain species of fish. A few pertinent articles include:ù A prohibition on capturing any marine resources during their reproductive season (resulting in seasonal closers for lobster and abalone fisheries, and a justification for other seasonal closures on pelagic or demersal species pending research results);ù A prohibition on the use of string nets, monofilament gill nets or the setting of nets at high tide on beaches or lagoons to trap fish on outgoing tides;ù A prohibition on foreign fishing vessels in Omani waters operating without official permit from the MAF;ù A prohibition on the use of foreign/expatriate workers on fishing vessels licensed to conduct artisanal/traditional fishing;ù A prohibition for fishermen to 1) sail into areas allocated to other fishermen with the intent to fish; or 2) to place fishing gear in areas not specifically allocated to them by licence;ù The right of the MAF to require fishermen and dealers to collect and provide any data requested or required by the MAF;ù The right of the MAF to prohibit fishing of certain species, or fishing in certain regions or seasons.
Alling,A.
A preliminary report of marine mammal fisheries in Djibouti, Oman and Sri Lanka. Technical Report
no. 279, 1983.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: by-catch, dolphin, dolphins, Fisheries, Indian Ocean, mammals, marine, marine mammal, Marine mammals, nets, Oman, sperm whale, whale, whales
@techreport{,
title = {A preliminary report of marine mammal fisheries in Djibouti, Oman and Sri Lanka.},
author = {Alling,A.},
year = {1983},
date = {1983-01-01},
volume = {NARA/SMMIO/SP32 presented to the Symposi},
number = {279},
pages = {1-8},
abstract = {During the voyage of the Tulip (Indian Ocean Sperm Whale project) fishermen and officials were interviewed at different ports of call. In Oman, officials "agreed" to the following: 1) There is a small dolphin fishery in Oman, primarily located off the Island of Masirah. 2) The extent of this fishery is questionable and it is not clear if there is any by-catch. 3) The meat is used for human consumption and as shark bait. 4) Whales are not hunted, but they are seldom caught in nets. 5) It was not clear if whale meat is eaten. Further, the paper focuses on bycatch and direct takes of dolphins in Sri Lanka, where estimates were placed at over 15,000 dolphins being by-caught in fisheries per year.},
keywords = {by-catch, dolphin, dolphins, Fisheries, Indian Ocean, mammals, marine, marine mammal, Marine mammals, nets, Oman, sperm whale, whale, whales},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
During the voyage of the Tulip (Indian Ocean Sperm Whale project) fishermen and officials were interviewed at different ports of call. In Oman, officials "agreed" to the following: 1) There is a small dolphin fishery in Oman, primarily located off the Island of Masirah. 2) The extent of this fishery is questionable and it is not clear if there is any by-catch. 3) The meat is used for human consumption and as shark bait. 4) Whales are not hunted, but they are seldom caught in nets. 5) It was not clear if whale meat is eaten. Further, the paper focuses on bycatch and direct takes of dolphins in Sri Lanka, where estimates were placed at over 15,000 dolphins being by-caught in fisheries per year.