Kershaw, Francine,Leslie, Matthew S,Collins, Tim,Mansur, Rubaiyat M,Smith, Brian D,Minton, Gianna,Baldwin, Robert,LeDuc, Richard G,Anderson, R Charles,Brownell, Robert L
Population differentiation of 2 forms of Bryde’s Whales in the Indian and Pacific Oceans Journal Article
In: Journal of Heredity, vol. 104, no. 394, pp. 755-764, 2013, ISBN: 0022-1503.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: balaenoptera, balaenoptera edeni, bangladesh, Bryde's whale, Maldives, Oman, Speciation, taxonomy
@article{,
title = {Population differentiation of 2 forms of Bryde’s Whales in the Indian and Pacific Oceans},
author = {Kershaw, Francine,Leslie, Matthew S,Collins, Tim,Mansur, Rubaiyat M,Smith, Brian D,Minton, Gianna,Baldwin, Robert,LeDuc, Richard G,Anderson, R Charles,Brownell, Robert L},
issn = {0022-1503},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Heredity},
volume = {104},
number = {394},
pages = {755-764},
abstract = {Accurate identification of units for conservation is particularly challenging for marine species as obvious barriers to gene flow are
generally lacking. Bryde’s whales (Balaenoptera spp.) are subject to multiple human-mediated stressors, including fisheries bycatch,
ship strikes, and scientific whaling by Japan. For effective management, a clear understanding of how populations of each Bryde’s
whale species/subspecies are genetically structured across their range is required. We conducted a population-level analysis of
mtDNA control region sequences with 56 new samples from Oman, Maldives, and Bangladesh, plus published sequences from
off Java and the Northwest Pacific. Nine diagnostic characters in the mitochondrial control region and a maximum parsimony
phylogenetic analysis identified 2 genetically recognized subspecies of Bryde’s whale: the larger, offshore form, Balaenoptera edeni
brydei, and the smaller, coastal form, Balaenoptera edeni edeni. Genetic diversity and differentiation indices, combined with a reconstructed
maximum parsimony haplotype network, indicate strong differences in the genetic diversity and population structure
within each subspecies. Discrete population units are identified for B. e. brydei in the Maldives, Java, and the Northwest Pacific and
for B. e. edeni between the Northern Indian Ocean (Oman and Bangladesh) and the coastal waters of Japan.},
keywords = {balaenoptera, balaenoptera edeni, bangladesh, Bryde's whale, Maldives, Oman, Speciation, taxonomy},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Accurate identification of units for conservation is particularly challenging for marine species as obvious barriers to gene flow are
generally lacking. Bryde’s whales (Balaenoptera spp.) are subject to multiple human-mediated stressors, including fisheries bycatch,
ship strikes, and scientific whaling by Japan. For effective management, a clear understanding of how populations of each Bryde’s
whale species/subspecies are genetically structured across their range is required. We conducted a population-level analysis of
mtDNA control region sequences with 56 new samples from Oman, Maldives, and Bangladesh, plus published sequences from
off Java and the Northwest Pacific. Nine diagnostic characters in the mitochondrial control region and a maximum parsimony
phylogenetic analysis identified 2 genetically recognized subspecies of Bryde’s whale: the larger, offshore form, Balaenoptera edeni
brydei, and the smaller, coastal form, Balaenoptera edeni edeni. Genetic diversity and differentiation indices, combined with a reconstructed
maximum parsimony haplotype network, indicate strong differences in the genetic diversity and population structure
within each subspecies. Discrete population units are identified for B. e. brydei in the Maldives, Java, and the Northwest Pacific and
for B. e. edeni between the Northern Indian Ocean (Oman and Bangladesh) and the coastal waters of Japan.
generally lacking. Bryde’s whales (Balaenoptera spp.) are subject to multiple human-mediated stressors, including fisheries bycatch,
ship strikes, and scientific whaling by Japan. For effective management, a clear understanding of how populations of each Bryde’s
whale species/subspecies are genetically structured across their range is required. We conducted a population-level analysis of
mtDNA control region sequences with 56 new samples from Oman, Maldives, and Bangladesh, plus published sequences from
off Java and the Northwest Pacific. Nine diagnostic characters in the mitochondrial control region and a maximum parsimony
phylogenetic analysis identified 2 genetically recognized subspecies of Bryde’s whale: the larger, offshore form, Balaenoptera edeni
brydei, and the smaller, coastal form, Balaenoptera edeni edeni. Genetic diversity and differentiation indices, combined with a reconstructed
maximum parsimony haplotype network, indicate strong differences in the genetic diversity and population structure
within each subspecies. Discrete population units are identified for B. e. brydei in the Maldives, Java, and the Northwest Pacific and
for B. e. edeni between the Northern Indian Ocean (Oman and Bangladesh) and the coastal waters of Japan.
Romanov, Evgeny V
Bycatch in the tuna purse-seine fisheries of the western Indian Ocean Journal Article
In: Fishery Bulletin, vol. 100, no. 455, pp. 90-105, 2002, ISBN: 0090-0656.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: balaenoptera, Bryde’s whale, Bycatch, Indian Ocean, purse-Seine, tuna fishery
@article{,
title = {Bycatch in the tuna purse-seine fisheries of the western Indian Ocean},
author = {Romanov, Evgeny V},
issn = {0090-0656},
year = {2002},
date = {2002-01-01},
journal = {Fishery Bulletin},
volume = {100},
number = {455},
pages = {90-105},
abstract = {Bycatch taken by the tuna purse-seine fishery from the Indian Ocean pelagic ecosystem was estimated from data collected by scientific observers aboard Soviet purse seiners in the western Indian Ocean (WIO) during 1986–92. A total of 494 sets on free-swimming schools, whale-shark-associated schools, whale-associated schools, and log-associated schools were analyzed. More than 40 fish species and other marine animals were recorded. Among them only two species, yellow-fin and skipjack tunas, were target species. Average levels of bycatch were 0.518 metric tons (t) per set, and 27.1 t per 1000 t of target species. The total annual purse-seine catch of yellowfin and skipjack tunas by principal fishing nations in the WIO during 1985–94 was 118,000–277,000 t. Nonrecorded annual bycatch for this period was estimated at 944–2270 t of pelagic oceanic sharks, 720–1877 t of rainbow runners, 705–1836 t of dolphinfishes, 507–1322 t of triggerfishes, 113–294 t of wahoo, 104–251 t of billfishes, 53–112 t of mobulas and mantas, 35–89 t of mackerel scad, 9–24 t of barracudas, and 67–174 t of other fishes. In addition, turtle bycatch and whale mortalities may have occurred. Because the bycatches were not recorded by some purse-seine vessels, it was not possible to assess the full impact of the fisheries on the pelagic ecosystem of the Indian Ocean. The first step to solving this problem is for the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission to establish a pro-gram in which scientific observers are placed on board tuna purse-seine and longline vessels fishing in the WIO.},
keywords = {balaenoptera, Bryde’s whale, Bycatch, Indian Ocean, purse-Seine, tuna fishery},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Bycatch taken by the tuna purse-seine fishery from the Indian Ocean pelagic ecosystem was estimated from data collected by scientific observers aboard Soviet purse seiners in the western Indian Ocean (WIO) during 1986–92. A total of 494 sets on free-swimming schools, whale-shark-associated schools, whale-associated schools, and log-associated schools were analyzed. More than 40 fish species and other marine animals were recorded. Among them only two species, yellow-fin and skipjack tunas, were target species. Average levels of bycatch were 0.518 metric tons (t) per set, and 27.1 t per 1000 t of target species. The total annual purse-seine catch of yellowfin and skipjack tunas by principal fishing nations in the WIO during 1985–94 was 118,000–277,000 t. Nonrecorded annual bycatch for this period was estimated at 944–2270 t of pelagic oceanic sharks, 720–1877 t of rainbow runners, 705–1836 t of dolphinfishes, 507–1322 t of triggerfishes, 113–294 t of wahoo, 104–251 t of billfishes, 53–112 t of mobulas and mantas, 35–89 t of mackerel scad, 9–24 t of barracudas, and 67–174 t of other fishes. In addition, turtle bycatch and whale mortalities may have occurred. Because the bycatches were not recorded by some purse-seine vessels, it was not possible to assess the full impact of the fisheries on the pelagic ecosystem of the Indian Ocean. The first step to solving this problem is for the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission to establish a pro-gram in which scientific observers are placed on board tuna purse-seine and longline vessels fishing in the WIO.