Sheppard, Charles,Al-Husiani, Mohsen,Al-Jamali, F,Al-Yamani, Faiza,Baldwin, Rob,Bishop, James,Benzoni, Francesca,Dutrieux, Eric,Dulvy, Nicholas K,Durvasula, Subba Rao V
The Gulf: a young sea in decline Journal Article
In: Marine Pollution Bulletin, vol. 60, no. 223, pp. 13-38, 2010, ISBN: 0025-326X.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: Arabian Gulf, conservation, habitat degradation, Persian Gulf
@article{,
title = {The Gulf: a young sea in decline},
author = {Sheppard, Charles,Al-Husiani, Mohsen,Al-Jamali, F,Al-Yamani, Faiza,Baldwin, Rob,Bishop, James,Benzoni, Francesca,Dutrieux, Eric,Dulvy, Nicholas K,Durvasula, Subba Rao V},
issn = {0025-326X},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-01-01},
journal = {Marine Pollution Bulletin},
volume = {60},
number = {223},
pages = {13-38},
abstract = {This review examines the substantial changes that have taken place in marine habitats and resources of
the Gulf over the past decade. The habitats are especially interesting because of the naturally high levels
of temperature and salinity stress they experience, which is important in a changing world climate. However,
the extent of all natural habitats is changing and their condition deteriorating because of the rapid
development of the region and, in some cases from severe, episodic warming episodes.
Major impacts come from numerous industrial, infrastructure-based, and residential and tourism
development activities, which together combine, synergistically in some cases, to cause the observed
deterioration in most benthic habitats. Substantial sea bottom dredging for material and its deposition
in shallow water to extend land or to form a basis for huge developments, directly removes large areas
of shallow, productive habitat, though in some cases the most important effect is the accompanying sedimentation
or changes to water flows and conditions. The large scale of the activities compared to the
relatively shallow and small size of the water body is a particularly important issue.
Important from the perspective of controlling damaging effects is the limited cross-border collaboration
and even intra-country collaboration among government agencies and large projects. Along with
the accumulative nature of impacts that occur, even where each project receives environmental assessment
or attention, each is treated more or less alone, rarely in combination. However, their combination
in such a small, biologically interacting sea exacerbates the overall deterioration. Very few similar areas exist which face such a high concentration of disturbance, and the prognosis for the Gulf continuing to
provide abundant natural resources is poor.},
keywords = {Arabian Gulf, conservation, habitat degradation, Persian Gulf},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This review examines the substantial changes that have taken place in marine habitats and resources of
the Gulf over the past decade. The habitats are especially interesting because of the naturally high levels
of temperature and salinity stress they experience, which is important in a changing world climate. However,
the extent of all natural habitats is changing and their condition deteriorating because of the rapid
development of the region and, in some cases from severe, episodic warming episodes.
Major impacts come from numerous industrial, infrastructure-based, and residential and tourism
development activities, which together combine, synergistically in some cases, to cause the observed
deterioration in most benthic habitats. Substantial sea bottom dredging for material and its deposition
in shallow water to extend land or to form a basis for huge developments, directly removes large areas
of shallow, productive habitat, though in some cases the most important effect is the accompanying sedimentation
or changes to water flows and conditions. The large scale of the activities compared to the
relatively shallow and small size of the water body is a particularly important issue.
Important from the perspective of controlling damaging effects is the limited cross-border collaboration
and even intra-country collaboration among government agencies and large projects. Along with
the accumulative nature of impacts that occur, even where each project receives environmental assessment
or attention, each is treated more or less alone, rarely in combination. However, their combination
in such a small, biologically interacting sea exacerbates the overall deterioration. Very few similar areas exist which face such a high concentration of disturbance, and the prognosis for the Gulf continuing to
provide abundant natural resources is poor.
the Gulf over the past decade. The habitats are especially interesting because of the naturally high levels
of temperature and salinity stress they experience, which is important in a changing world climate. However,
the extent of all natural habitats is changing and their condition deteriorating because of the rapid
development of the region and, in some cases from severe, episodic warming episodes.
Major impacts come from numerous industrial, infrastructure-based, and residential and tourism
development activities, which together combine, synergistically in some cases, to cause the observed
deterioration in most benthic habitats. Substantial sea bottom dredging for material and its deposition
in shallow water to extend land or to form a basis for huge developments, directly removes large areas
of shallow, productive habitat, though in some cases the most important effect is the accompanying sedimentation
or changes to water flows and conditions. The large scale of the activities compared to the
relatively shallow and small size of the water body is a particularly important issue.
Important from the perspective of controlling damaging effects is the limited cross-border collaboration
and even intra-country collaboration among government agencies and large projects. Along with
the accumulative nature of impacts that occur, even where each project receives environmental assessment
or attention, each is treated more or less alone, rarely in combination. However, their combination
in such a small, biologically interacting sea exacerbates the overall deterioration. Very few similar areas exist which face such a high concentration of disturbance, and the prognosis for the Gulf continuing to
provide abundant natural resources is poor.
Phillip Clapham, Sharon Young, Robert L. Brownell Jr
Baleen whales: conservation issues and the status of the most endangered populations Journal Article
In: Mammal Review, vol. 29 , no. 69, pp. 35-60, 1999.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: abundance, Arabian Sea, Arctic, Balaena mysticetus, baleen whale, baleen whales, Blue whale, bowhead whale, bowhead whales, conservation, contaminants, disease, endangered, Entanglement, Eubalaena glacialis, fishing gear, gray whales, habitat degradation, Humpback Whale, humpback whales, mortality, Okhotsk Sea, population, populations, right whale, right whales, ship-strike, southern right whales, status, stocks, whale, whales, whaling
@article{,
title = {Baleen whales: conservation issues and the status of the most endangered populations },
author = {Phillip Clapham, Sharon Young, Robert L. Brownell Jr},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2907.1999.00035.x},
year = {1999},
date = {1999-01-01},
urldate = {1999-01-01},
journal = {Mammal Review},
volume = {29 },
number = {69},
pages = {35-60},
abstract = {Most species of baleen whales were subject to intensive overexploitation by commercial whaling in this and previous centuries, and many populations were reduced to small fractions of their original sizes. Here, we review the status of baleen whale stocks, with an emphasis on those that are known or thought to be critically endangered. Current data suggest that, of the various threats potentially affecting baleen whales, only entanglement in fishing gear and ship strikes may be significant at the population level, and then only in those populations which are already at critically low abundance. The impact of some problems (vessel harassment, and commercial or aboriginal whaling) is at present probably minor. For others (contaminants, habitat degradation, disease), existing data either indicate no immediate cause for concern, or are insufficient to permit an assessment. While the prospect for many baleen whales appears good, there are notable exceptions: populations that are of greatest concern are those suffering from low abundance and associated problems, including (in some cases) anthropogenic mortality. These include: all Northern Right N hales Eubalaena glacialis. Bowhead Whales Balaena mysticetus of the Okhotsk Sea and various eastern Arctic populations. western Gray Whales Eschrichtius robustus, and probably many Blue Whale Balaenoptera musculus populations. We review the status of these populations and. where known, the issues potentially affecting their recovery. Although Humpback Whales Megaptera novaeangliae and Southern Right Whales Eubalaena australis were also heavily exploited by whaling. existing data indicate strong recovery in most studied populations of these species.},
keywords = {abundance, Arabian Sea, Arctic, Balaena mysticetus, baleen whale, baleen whales, Blue whale, bowhead whale, bowhead whales, conservation, contaminants, disease, endangered, Entanglement, Eubalaena glacialis, fishing gear, gray whales, habitat degradation, Humpback Whale, humpback whales, mortality, Okhotsk Sea, population, populations, right whale, right whales, ship-strike, southern right whales, status, stocks, whale, whales, whaling},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Most species of baleen whales were subject to intensive overexploitation by commercial whaling in this and previous centuries, and many populations were reduced to small fractions of their original sizes. Here, we review the status of baleen whale stocks, with an emphasis on those that are known or thought to be critically endangered. Current data suggest that, of the various threats potentially affecting baleen whales, only entanglement in fishing gear and ship strikes may be significant at the population level, and then only in those populations which are already at critically low abundance. The impact of some problems (vessel harassment, and commercial or aboriginal whaling) is at present probably minor. For others (contaminants, habitat degradation, disease), existing data either indicate no immediate cause for concern, or are insufficient to permit an assessment. While the prospect for many baleen whales appears good, there are notable exceptions: populations that are of greatest concern are those suffering from low abundance and associated problems, including (in some cases) anthropogenic mortality. These include: all Northern Right N hales Eubalaena glacialis. Bowhead Whales Balaena mysticetus of the Okhotsk Sea and various eastern Arctic populations. western Gray Whales Eschrichtius robustus, and probably many Blue Whale Balaenoptera musculus populations. We review the status of these populations and. where known, the issues potentially affecting their recovery. Although Humpback Whales Megaptera novaeangliae and Southern Right Whales Eubalaena australis were also heavily exploited by whaling. existing data indicate strong recovery in most studied populations of these species.